Subject-verb agreement is an important aspect of grammar in any language. It ensures that the verb in a sentence agrees with the subject in terms of number and person. In Hindi, subject-verb agreement is equally crucial. In this article, we will explore the essential rules of subject-verb agreement in Hindi.
One of the first things to understand about subject-verb agreement in Hindi is that Hindi is a gendered language. This means that not only do we have to consider the number and person, but we also have to keep the gender in mind. For example, if we have a singular male subject, we must use a masculine verb. Similarly, if we have a singular female subject, we must use a feminine verb.
Let us look at some of the essential rules of subject-verb agreement in Hindi:
1. Agreement in number: The verb in a sentence should agree with the number of the subject. This means that if the subject is singular, the verb should be singular, and if the subject is plural, the verb should be plural. For example:
– मैं खाना खाता हूँ। (I eat food.) – Here, both the subject and the verb are in the singular form.
– वे खाना खाते हैं। (They eat food.) – Here, both the subject and the verb are in the plural form.
2. Agreement in gender: As mentioned earlier, Hindi is a gendered language, and the verb should agree with the gender of the subject. For example:
– वह लड़का खेलता है। (He plays.) – Here, the subject is masculine, and the verb is also masculine.
– वह लड़की खेलती है। (She plays.) – Here, the subject is feminine, and the verb is also feminine.
3. Agreement in person: The verb should agree with the person of the subject. For example:
– तुम जाते हो। (You go.) – Here, the subject is in the second person, and the verb is in the second person as well.
– उसने जाना है। (He/she has to go.) – Here, the subject is in the third person, and the verb is in the third person as well.
It is essential to note that the subject-verb agreement in Hindi can become more complicated when we have a compound subject or an intervening phrase. In such cases, we must ensure that the verb agrees with the closest subject in number, gender, and person.
In conclusion, subject-verb agreement is a crucial aspect of grammar in any language, and Hindi is no exception. To ensure that your Hindi sentences are grammatically correct, it is essential to keep the rules of subject-verb agreement in mind. By following the rules mentioned above, you can ensure that your sentences are accurate and sound natural.
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