The Prime Ministers of India and Bangladesh signed the land border agreement in 1974 to exchange enclaves and simplify their international border. A revised version of the agreement was adopted by both countries on May 7, 2015, when the Indian Parliament passed the 100th Amendment to the Indian Constitution. [7] Under this agreement, ratified on 6 June 2015, India received 51 enclaves from Bangladesh (with an area of 2,880 ha) in mainland India, while Bangladesh received 111 Indian enclaves (with an area of 6,940 ha) on the Indian continent. [9] The inhabitants of the enclave were allowed to either live in their present place or settle in the country of their choice. [10] The replacement of the enclaves is expected to take place in stages between 31 July 2015 and 30 June 2016. [11] The enclaves were replaced at midnight on 31 July 2015 and the transfer of the inhabitants of the enclave was completed on 30 November 2015. [12] Under the border agreement, India lost about 40 square kilometres in Bangladesh. [13] [14] The 119th Amendment Bill, 2013, which will enable the operation of the 1974 Land Border Agreement between India and Bangladesh, was recently approved by the firm. The land exchange project includes illegal enclaves and possessions of West Bengal, Meghalaya, Tripura and Assam. The exchange includes the surrender of 17,000 hectares of land in Bangladesh in exchange for 7,000 hectares in 111 enclaves in West Bengal, Assam, Tripura and Meghalaya and was first decided in 1974 under the boundary agreement (LBA) between India and Bangladesh, but never ratified by Parliament. The country remains one of the main points of contention. Due to the laxity of the law in earlier landlocked areas, the purchase or sale of land in some cases was carried out without legal or registration documents.
In other cases, the documents have either been misplaced, lost or have no value. For example, a large enclave like Garati,[45] had an Indian enclave in Bangladesh, previously its own land registration mechanisms, but the documents today do not matter in wider society. Although these people are currently Indian citizens on paper, they often find it difficult to claim their status. They feel that they are being treated unevenly with respect to basic infrastructure provisions, such as electricity, drinking water, land titles and regular roads. One of these immediate distinctions was the patent during the visit to the madhya Mashaldanga enclave, Dinhata Block.
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